![]() ![]() Ultracapacitors have very high power density, but can store only a small amount of energy. This leads to more energy storage than is necessary to support efficient hybrid operation. Because of their relatively low power density, battery packs are sized to handle peak power demands during acceleration and regenerative braking. One possible long-term solution might be to combine a small battery pack with an ultracapacitor. ![]() A breakthrough in energy storage is needed if hybrid electric vehicles are to become universally accepted. Although development of lithium-ion batteries will improve the situation, their costs will likely still be a barrier to widespread acceptance of hybrid systems. Eventually, lithium-ion batteries should provide a lighter and slightly lower cost alternative to nickel–metal hydride, as well as better performance at low temperatures. However, lithium-ion battery use is rapidly growing in consumer markets, such as in laptops, and their cycle life and cost are expected to improve. Lithium-ion batteries need improvements in cycle life and cost before they will be commercially viable for hybrid electric vehicles. Nickel–metal hydride batteries also have high cooling requirements, due to high heat generation. Although some cost reduction is expected in the future, costs are likely to remain at high levels because of inherently high material costs. ![]() Unfortunately, nickel–metal hydride batteries are expensive. Nickel–metal hydride batteries are the near-term choice, due to their higher power density, longer cycle life, and better response to high-power pulses. Although lead-acid batteries are likely to be used initially in many hybrid vehicles due to their relatively low cost, their limited power density and short cycle life will force manufacturers to turn to advanced batteries in the future. German, in Encyclopedia of Energy, 2004 6.2 Energy StorageĮnergy storage costs are the single largest long-term obstacle to widespread market acceptance of hybrid electric vehicles. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |